開始使用

如果您剛開始使用 Spring Authorization Server，以下章節將引導您建立您的第一個應用程式。

系統需求

Spring Authorization Server 需要 Java 17 或更高版本的執行環境。

安裝 Spring Authorization Server

Spring Authorization Server 可以用於任何您已使用 Spring Security 的地方。

開始使用 Spring Authorization Server 最簡單的方式是建立一個基於 Spring Boot 的應用程式。您可以使用 start.spring.io 產生一個基本專案，或使用 預設授權伺服器範例 作為指南。然後新增 Spring Boot 的 Spring Authorization Server 啟動器作為依賴項

  • Maven

  • Gradle

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
implementation "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server"
請參閱 安裝 Spring Boot 以取得更多關於搭配 Maven 或 Gradle 使用 Spring Boot 的資訊。

或者，您可以使用以下範例在沒有 Spring Boot 的情況下新增 Spring Authorization Server

  • Maven

  • Gradle

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-authorization-server</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
implementation "org.springframework.security:spring-security-oauth2-authorization-server:1.3.3"

開發您的第一個應用程式

若要開始使用，您需要定義為 @Bean 的最低需求組件。當使用 spring-boot-starter-oauth2-authorization-server 依賴項時，定義以下屬性，Spring Boot 將為您提供必要的 @Bean 定義。

application.yml
server:
  port: 9000

logging:
  level:
    org.springframework.security: trace

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: user
      password: password
    oauth2:
      authorizationserver:
        client:
          oidc-client:
            registration:
              client-id: "oidc-client"
              client-secret: "{noop}secret"
              client-authentication-methods:
                - "client_secret_basic"
              authorization-grant-types:
                - "authorization_code"
                - "refresh_token"
              redirect-uris:
                - "http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/oidc-client"
              post-logout-redirect-uris:
                - "http://127.0.0.1:8080/"
              scopes:
                - "openid"
                - "profile"
            require-authorization-consent: true
除了開始使用體驗之外，大多數使用者會想要自訂預設組態。 下一節 示範如何自行提供所有必要的 bean。

定義需求組件

如果您想要自訂預設組態 (無論您是否使用 Spring Boot)，您可以在 Spring @Configuration 中將最低需求組件定義為 @Bean。

這些組件可以定義如下：

SecurityConfig.java
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.util.UUID;

import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.JWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.RSAKey;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.ImmutableJWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource;
import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.SecurityContext;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.AuthorizationGrantType;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.ClientAuthenticationMethod;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcScopes;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.jwt.JwtDecoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClient;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configuration.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configurers.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.AuthorizationServerSettings;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.ClientSettings;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.MediaTypeRequestMatcher;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean (1)
	@Order(1)
	public SecurityFilterChain authorizationServerSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http)
			throws Exception {
		OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.applyDefaultSecurity(http);
		http.getConfigurer(OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer.class)
			.oidc(Customizer.withDefaults());	// Enable OpenID Connect 1.0
		http
			// Redirect to the login page when not authenticated from the
			// authorization endpoint
			.exceptionHandling((exceptions) -> exceptions
				.defaultAuthenticationEntryPointFor(
					new LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint("/login"),
					new MediaTypeRequestMatcher(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
				)
			)
			// Accept access tokens for User Info and/or Client Registration
			.oauth2ResourceServer((resourceServer) -> resourceServer
				.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults()));

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean (2)
	@Order(2)
	public SecurityFilterChain defaultSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http)
			throws Exception {
		http
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			// Form login handles the redirect to the login page from the
			// authorization server filter chain
			.formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults());

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean (3)
	public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
		UserDetails userDetails = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
				.username("user")
				.password("password")
				.roles("USER")
				.build();

		return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(userDetails);
	}

	@Bean (4)
	public RegisteredClientRepository registeredClientRepository() {
		RegisteredClient oidcClient = RegisteredClient.withId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.clientId("oidc-client")
				.clientSecret("{noop}secret")
				.clientAuthenticationMethod(ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_BASIC)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.AUTHORIZATION_CODE)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.REFRESH_TOKEN)
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/oidc-client")
				.postLogoutRedirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/")
				.scope(OidcScopes.OPENID)
				.scope(OidcScopes.PROFILE)
				.clientSettings(ClientSettings.builder().requireAuthorizationConsent(true).build())
				.build();

		return new InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository(oidcClient);
	}

	@Bean (5)
	public JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource() {
		KeyPair keyPair = generateRsaKey();
		RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
		RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
		RSAKey rsaKey = new RSAKey.Builder(publicKey)
				.privateKey(privateKey)
				.keyID(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.build();
		JWKSet jwkSet = new JWKSet(rsaKey);
		return new ImmutableJWKSet<>(jwkSet);
	}

	private static KeyPair generateRsaKey() { (6)
		KeyPair keyPair;
		try {
			KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
			keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048);
			keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return keyPair;
	}

	@Bean (7)
	public JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource) {
		return OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.jwtDecoder(jwkSource);
	}

	@Bean (8)
	public AuthorizationServerSettings authorizationServerSettings() {
		return AuthorizationServerSettings.builder().build();
	}

}

這是一個用於快速入門的最小組態。若要了解每個組件的用途，請參閱以下說明：

1 用於 協定端點 的 Spring Security 篩選器鏈。
2 用於 身份驗證 的 Spring Security 篩選器鏈。
3 用於檢索使用者以進行身份驗證的 UserDetailsService 實例。
4 用於管理客戶端的 RegisteredClientRepository 實例。
5 用於簽署存取令牌的 com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource 實例。
6 java.security.KeyPair 實例，其中包含啟動時產生的金鑰，用於建立上述的 JWKSource。
7 用於解碼已簽署存取令牌的 JwtDecoder 實例。
8 用於組態 Spring Authorization Server 的 AuthorizationServerSettings 實例。